When designing electronic devices for use in harsh outdoor environments, IP protection level remains a crucial factor. This international standard applies to various application fields: industry, telematics, sensors, robotics, automation, oil and gas, marine/underwater, automotive, and the Internet of Things. However, IP protection level is not the only consideration. When selecting and designing electronic devices, there are far more factors to take into account, including even the choice of connectors. This is because connectors play a crucial role in transmitting signals and power within devices and modules, as well as between devices and modules.
The importance of IP
IP (Protection Level) is an indicator used in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60529 standard to measure the protective capability of equipment or components against environmental hazards. The IP code starts with an IP label followed by two digits. The first digit indicates the protective capability against solid particles, while the second digit indicates the duration of time the product can be isolated from liquid.
For example, the "6" in the common IP67 protection level indicates that the product has undergone long-term testing in a vacuum environment and is completely dustproof. The "7" indicates that the product can be immersed in water at a depth of 1 to 3 meters for at least 30 minutes.
However, the IP protection level can only provide limited information about the protective performance (such as protection against particulate matter and liquids). Firstly, a higher level does not necessarily mean better performance. For example, the "7" in IP67 only covers immersion protection and does not include data on high-pressure water jet protection, which is reflected in the IP6 and IP9 levels respectively. In addition, immersion testing is conducted using fresh water, so the test results may not be applicable to water containing salt, chlorine, or other chemicals.
The protection level cannot encompass other aspects of harsh environments: extreme temperatures, shock or vibration, corrosion, rough handling, and even explosion risks. Wise design choices require more information.
Other reinforcement factors need to consider
- Designers should consider other systems that can address other factors that may be crucial in the project. UL Solutions has established multiple standards for electrical connectors: UL 1977, UL 2238, and UL 2237.
- These standards cover 10 different considerations, including:
- Meeting place Type of application
- Whether the connector is intended for OEM use only, or for commercial and industrial purposes.
- Maximum Voltage
- Current rating
In addition, there are military specification requirements, as well as a demand for Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) connectors compatible with military equipment such as tablet computers, laptops, voice and data communication devices, GPS receivers and hubs, and portable power sources. Multiple specifications may apply simultaneously, and military products must meet all relevant requirements.
